Practical electro-therapeutics and X-ray therapy - with chapters on phototherapy, X-ray in eye surgery, X-ray in dentistry, and medico-legal aspect of the X-ray (1912) (14570431258)

Identifier: practicalelectro00mart (find matches)

Title: Practical electro-therapeutics and X-ray therapy : with chapters on phototherapy, X-ray in eye surgery, X-ray in dentistry, and medico-legal aspect of the X-ray

Year: 1912 (1910s)

Authors: Martin, James Madison, 1866-1947

Subjects: Electrotherapeutics X-rays Diagnosis, Radioscopic Eye Electric Stimulation Therapy X-Ray Therapy Ophthalmologic Surgical Procedures

Publisher: St. Louis : C.V. Mosby

Contributing Library: Francis A. Countway Library of Medicine

Digitizing Sponsor: Open Knowledge Commons and Harvard Medical School

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tten-tion for some time—say, two to four months. As the water evap-orates from the cells, more must be added. After a time the zincswill be destroyed, or the electrolyte will be exhausted. When thecells stop work after long use, they should be emptied and cleaned;new elements and new electrolyte will make them again operative.When cleaning up an old battery, be sure to see that all of thebrass and copper connections are perfectly bright and clean.Sand paper, emery paper, or a file may be used to brighten up theparts. The insulation must be removed from the ends of all wiresbefore connecting the cells together. The thinnest piece of tissuepaper or other substance will prevent the passage of the galvaniccurrent. ARRANGEMENT OF CELLS. It has been stated that the quantity of electricity used in mak-ing a therapeutic application is usually very small, and thereforethe necessity of dividing the ampere into one thousand parts, ormilliamperes. On account of the great resistance of the human

Text Appearing After Image:

■^A/VVWWVVVV^ Fig. 3.—Cells in series. body as a whole, it is necessary to have a high EMF. When usingthe wall plate—or, more definitely speaking, the galvanic current—we need a strong electromotive force with a low amperage—seldommore than half an ampere. In order to get this high pressure andlow current strength, the cells are connected as in Fig. 3. When 28 PRACTICAL ELECTRO-THERAPEUTICS AND X-RAY THERAPY the cells are thus connected, they are said to be in series—i. e., car-bon to zinc. Each salammoniac cell is supposed to have a pressure (EMF) ofiy2 volts and a current strength of y2 ampere. By connecting thecells in series, the pressure is increased to the amount of iy2 voltsevery time a cell is added. A battery of forty cells in series woulddeliver y2 ampere, with a pressure of 60 volts. At first thought this statement appears confusing. It must beremembered that the load or amperage is not increased by the addi-tion of cells in series, while the pressure is increas

practical electro therapeutics and x ray therapy 1912 book illustrations medicine medical illustrations medical history history of technology electric power electricity x ray surgery medical therapy electrotherapeutics dentistry images from internet archive

1912

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