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Summary
Frontispiece for Athanasius Kircher's 1667 China Illustrated, published at Amsterdam by Elisée or Elizaeus Weyerstraet and Jan Janszoon van Waesberghe, depicting Adam Schall, an angel, and Matteo Ricci displaying a map of China below SS Francis Xavier and Ignatius Loyola venerating an IHS representing Jesus Christ surrounded by angels. Note the mandarin square on Schall's robe.
Latina: Athanasii Kircheri China Monumentis: qua Sacris quà Profanis, nec non Variis Naturae & Artis Spectaculis, Aliarumque Rerum Memorabilium Argumentis Illustrata... Amstelodami apud Joannem Janssonium à Waesberge & Elizeum Weyerstraet, 1667.
Matteo Ricci (1552-1610) was an Italian Jesuit priest and missionary who played a crucial role in cultural exchange between China and the West during the late Ming dynasty. Known for bridging the gap between Chinese and Western cultures, he focused on science, mathematics and theology. Born in Macerata, Italy, Ricci joined the Jesuits in 1571 and excelled in his studies. Arriving in China in 1583, he settled in Macau and quickly adapted to local customs. His conciliatory approach was well received by the Chinese elite. Ricci integrated Western science with Chinese beliefs, introducing instruments and knowledge of astronomy, mathematics and geography. He also taught the Memory Palace technique to aid memorisation. He wrote influential works using Confucian terms to explain Christian concepts. Despite the challenges faced by Catholic missions in China, Ricci's legacy endures as a symbol of early East-West dialogue. His contributions to cross-cultural understanding continue to be commemorated.