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Summary
Raising of Lazarus
Public domain photograph of a 17th-century baroque painting, free to use, no copyright restrictions image - Picryl description
Public domain photograph of a 17th-century painting by Rembrandt van Rijn, free to use, no copyright restrictions image - Picryl description
The Raising of Lazarus is a story from the New Testament, recorded in the Gospel of John (John 11:1-45). According to the story, Lazarus, a friend of Jesus, had fallen ill and died. When Jesus arrived in Bethany four days after Lazarus' death, he was approached by Lazarus' sisters, Mary and Martha, who told him of their brother's death and asked him to come to their home to heal him.
When Jesus arrived at the tomb where Lazarus was buried, he commanded that the stone be removed, and then he prayed to God. After his prayer, he called out to Lazarus, who came back to life and stepped out of the tomb. The raising of Lazarus was a significant event in the life of Jesus and was seen as a powerful demonstration of his divine power and the fulfillment of his mission as the Son of God. The scene is often shown with Jesus standing at the tomb, with Lazarus rising from the dead, with Mary and Martha looking on in amazement.
By the last decades of the 16th century, the refined Mannerism style had ceased to be an effective means of religious art expression. Catholic Church fought against Protestant Reformation to re-establish its dominance in European art by infusing Renaissance aesthetics enhanced by a new exuberant extravagance and penchant for the ornate. The new style was coined Baroque and roughly coincides with the 17th century. Baroque emphasizes dramatic motion, clear, easily interpreted grandeur, sensuous richness, drama, dynamism, movement, tension, emotional exuberance, and details, and often defined as being bizarre, or uneven. The term Baroque likely derived from the Italian word barocco, used by earlier scholars to name an obstacle in schematic logic to denote a contorted idea or involuted process of thought. Another possible source is the Portuguese word barroco (Spanish barrueco), used to describe an irregular or imperfectly shaped pearl, and this usage still survives in the jeweler’s term baroque pearl. Baroque spread across Europe led by the Pope in Rome and powerful religious orders as well as Catholic monarchs to Northern Italy, France, Spain, Flanders, Portugal, Austria, southern Germany, and colonial South America.