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Summary
Original caption: Alan E. Shepard, Jr., a commander in the U.S. Navy, was born November 18, 1923 in East Derry, New Hampshire. Shepard attended primary school in East Derry and was graduated from Pinkerton School, East Darry, New Hampshire, in 1940. He studied one year at Admiral Farragut Academy, Toms River, New Jersey, and then entered the Naval Academy, Annapolis. He was graduated from Annapolis in 1944. He was graduated from the Naval War College, Newport, R.I. in 1958. The astronaut saw service on the destroyer COGSWELL in the Pacific during World War II. He then entered flying training at Corpus Christi, Texas and Pensacola, Fla. He also served several tours aboard aircraft carriers in the Mediterranean. Shepard went to Test Pilot School at Patuxent River, Md., and served two tours in flight test there. During this service he took part in high altitude tests to obtain data on lights at different altitudes and on a variety of air masses over the North American continent. He also took part in experiments in test and development of the Navy's in-flight refueling system, carrier suitability trials of the F2H3 Banshee, and Navy trials of the first angled carrier deck. Between his flight test tours at Patuxent, Shepard was assigned to Fighter Squadron 193 at Moffett Field, California, a night fighter unit flying Banshee jets. He was Operations Officer of this squadron and made two tours with it to the Western Pacific on board the carrier ORISKANY. He has been engaged in the test of the F3H Deron, F8U Crusader, F4D Skyray and F11F Tigeront. He was project test pilot on the F3D Skylancer. The last five months at Patuxent were spent as an instructor in the Test Pilot School. After this graduation from the Naval War College, Shepard Joined the staff of the Commander-in-Chief, Atlantic Fleet, as aircraft readiness officer. He has 3,700 hours of flying time with 1,800 in jets.
Committee Papers
World War II was a period of rapid technological advancement in the field of aircraft, and these advancements have continued to shape the development of aircraft in the years since. There were significant advances in aircraft design, such as the use of swept wings and the development of more advanced aircraft materials, such as aluminum alloys and plastic composites. These advances allowed for the construction of stronger, lighter aircraft that was capable of higher speeds and greater maneuverability. Biplanes, which have two main wings stacked one above the other, were largely obsolete by the time World War II began in 1939. They had been largely replaced by monoplanes, which have a single main wing, by the start of World War II. The main advantage of monoplanes is that they are typically faster and more maneuverable than biplanes due to their streamlined design. In addition, monoplanes are able to carry a greater load for their size, making them more suitable for use as bombers and transport aircraft. However, biplanes were not completely abandoned during World War II. Some biplane designs, such as the British Hawker Hurricane and the Soviet Polikarpov I-153, saw limited use as fighters. In addition, biplanes were used in a number of other roles, including training, observation, and light transports. One of the major developments in aircraft technology during World War II was the use of jet engines, which allowed for faster and more powerful aircraft. The first jet aircraft, the German Heinkel He 178, made its first flight in 1939. However, it was not until after the war that jet aircraft became widespread. During World War II, a number of aircraft were produced in large quantities to meet the demands of the war. Here are some examples of some of the most massively produced aircraft of World War II: The Soviet Union's Ilyushin Il-2 was a ground attack aircraft that was produced in tremendous numbers, with more than 36,000 being built. It was heavily armed and armored, making it a formidable opponent on the battlefield. The German Messerschmitt Bf 109 was a mainstay of the German air force and was produced in large numbers, with more than 35,000 being built. It was used as a fighter, interceptor, and ground attack aircraft, and saw action on many fronts during the war. The American Republic P-47 Thunderbolt was a heavily armed and armored fighter that was produced in large quantities, with more than 15,000 being built. It was used extensively in Europe and the Pacific and was known for its durability and long range. The British Supermarine Spitfire was a highly regarded fighter that was produced in large numbers, with more than 20,000 being built. It saw action in many theaters of the war and was known for its agility and handling.
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