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With the Rotating Service Structure rolled back, at left, the Space Shuttle Atlantis undergoes final prelaunch preparations at Launch Pad 39A for the STS-86 mission. One of the final steps will be to load the external tank with approximately 500,000 gallons of liquid hydrogen and liquid oxygen for fueling the orbiter’s three main engines. STS-86 is slated to be the seventh docking of the Space Shuttle with the Russian Space Station Mir. Liftoff is targeted for Sept. 25 at 10:34 p.m. EDT during a preferred launch window which lasts six minutes and 45 seconds. Seven crew members will lift off for the scheduled 10-day flight. One of those crew members, David A. Wolf, will transfer to the Mir for an approximate four-month stay. He will replace U.S. astronaut C. Michael Foale, who will return to Earth with the remainder of the STS86 crew. Foale has been on the Russian space station since mid-May KSC-97PC1418

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. - The crawler-transporter underneath Space Shuttle Atlantis and mobile launcher platform begins rolling away from Launch Pad 39B, taking the shuttle back to the Vehicle Assembly Building. The rollback is a safety precaution as the area waits for the arrival of Tropical Storm Ernesto. The storm is forecast to be bringing 58-mph to 70-mph winds in the next 24 hours. The shuttle will be moved into high bay 2, on the southwest side of the VAB, for protection from the storm. Photo credit: NASA/Jack Pfaller KSC-06PD1971

STS-135 - LAUNCH - Public domain NASA photogrpaph

CAPE CANAVERAL, Fla. – At NASA's Kennedy Space Center in Florida, the crawlerway is sprayed with water to minimize the dust cloud generated by the passing of the crawler-transporter. Space shuttle Atlantis is making its 3.4-mile trek from the Vehicle Assembly Building to Launch Pad 39A in the background. First motion was at 6:38 a.m. EDT Oct. 14. The move, known as rollout, is expected to take about six hours. Liftoff of Atlantis on its STS-129 mission to the International Space Station is targeted for Nov. 12. For information on the STS-129 mission and crew, visit http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/sts129/index.html. Photo credit: NASA/Kim Shiflett KSC-2009-5435

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. -- Under a blue sky streaked with clouds, Launch Pad 39B holds Space Shuttle Discovery, ready for launch of mission STS-116. At the far left is the rotating service structure, rolled back after midnight in preparation for launch. Next to Discovery is the fixed service structure, with the 80-foot-high lightning mast on top, part of the lightning protection system on the pad. Beneath Discovery's wings are the tail masts, which provide several umbilical connections to the orbiter, including a liquid-oxygen line through one and a liquid-hydrogen line through another. Seen above the golden external tank is the vent hood (known as the "beanie cap") at the end of the gaseous oxygen vent arm, extending from the FSS. Vapors are created as the liquid oxygen in the external tank boil off. The hood vents the gaseous oxygen vapors away from the space shuttle vehicle. Below it, also extending toward Discovery from the FSS, is the orbiter access arm with the White Room at the end. The crew gains access into the orbiter through the White Room. Discovery is scheduled to launch on mission STS-116 at 9:35 p.m. today. On the mission, the crew will deliver truss segment, P5, to the International Space Station and begin the intricate process of reconfiguring and redistributing the power generated by two pairs of U.S. solar arrays. The P5 will be mated to the P4 truss that was delivered and attached during the STS-115 mission in September. Photo credit: NASA/Ken Thornsley KSC-06pd2674

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, Fla. - Rollback of the Rotating Service Structure for the second time after a scrub of mission STS-109 the day before reveals Space Shuttle Columbia on Launch Pad 39A. The clear blue Florida sky and Atlantic Ocean provide a backdrop. Above the orange-colored external tank is poised the "beanie cap," the gaseous oxygen vent hood. Extending to the side of Columbia is the Orbiter Access Arm with the environmentally controlled White Room at the end. The White Room provides entry for the crew into the orbiter. Columbia sits atop the Mobile Launcher Platform which has an opening to the flame trench below. Columbia is rescheduled for launch on mission STS-109 March 1 at 6:22 a.m. EST (11:22 GMT). The 11-day mission will provide maintenance and upgrade to the Hubble Space Telescope, replacing Solar Array 2 with Solar Array 3, replacing the Power Control Unit, installing the ACS (after removing the Faint Object Camera ), the Near Infrared Camera, the Multi-Object Spectrometer (NICMOS) Cooling System, and the New Outer Blanket Layer insulation. KSC-02pd0191

CAPE CANAVERAL, Fla. – Space shuttle Atlantis sits on Launch Pad 39A at NASA's Kennedy Space Center in Florida after rollout from the Vehicle Assembly Building. The shuttle sits atop the mobile launcher platform, which is carried by the crawler-transporter beneath. At left is the rotating service structure with the payload changeout room that allows transfer of payloads from a canister into the shuttle's payload bay. Next to the shuttle is the fixed service structure with its 80-foot lightning mast on top. First motion was at 3:54 a.m. EDT and Atlantis was secured on the pad at 11:17 a.m. The 3.4-mile trip took about seven-and-a-half hours. Atlantis is targeted to lift off May 12 to service NASA's Hubble Space Telescope. During Atlantis' 11-day mission, the crew of seven astronauts will make the final shuttle flight to Hubble. During five spacewalks, they will install two new instruments, repair two inactive ones and replace components. The result will be six working, complementary science instruments with capabilities beyond what is now available, and an extended operational lifespan for the telescope through at least 2014. Photo credit: NASA/Jack Pfaller KSC-2009-2454

STS-134 - LAUNCH - Public domain NASA photogrpaph

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. -- On Launch Pad 39A at NASA's Kennedy Space Center, the rotating service structure is rolling on its axis to uncover space shuttle Endeavour. First motion was at 8:23 a.m. and rollback was complete at 8:55 a.m. Above the orange external tank is seen the "beanie cap" at the end of the gaseous oxygen vent arm, extending from the fixed service structure. Vapors are created as the liquid oxygen in the external tank boil off. The hood vents the gaseous oxygen vapors away from the space shuttle vehicle. The rotating structure provides protected access to the orbiter for changeout and servicing of payloads at the pad. The structure is supported by a rotating bridge that pivots about a vertical axis on the west side of the pad's flame trench. After the RSS is rolled back, the orbiter is ready for fuel cell activation and external tank cryogenic propellant loading operations. The pad is cleared to the perimeter gate for operations to fill the external tank with about 500,000 gallons of cryogenic propellants used by the shuttle’s main engines. This is done at the pad approximately eight hours before the scheduled launch. Endeavour and its crew will deliver the first section of the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency's Kibo laboratory and the Canadian Space Agency's two-armed robotic system, Dextre. Launch is scheduled for 2:28 a.m. EDT March 11. Photo credit: NASA/Kim Shiflett KSC-08pd0665

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KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. -- On the launch pad, the payload canister with the S0 Integrated Truss Structure is lifted up the Rotating Service Structure to the payload changeout room for transfer to Space Shuttle Atlantis's payload bay. Part of the payload on mission STS-110, the S0 truss will become the backbone of the orbiting International Space Station (ISS). The S0 truss will be attached to the U.S. Lab, "Destiny," on the 11-day mission. Launch is scheduled for April 4 KSC-02pd0349

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. -- The payload canister with the S0 Integrated Truss Structure arrives at the launch pad for transfer to Space Shuttle Atlantis's payload bay. Part of the payload on mission STS-110, the S0 truss will become the backbone of the orbiting International Space Station (ISS). The S0 truss will be attached to the U.S. Lab, "Destiny," on the 11-day mission. Launch is scheduled for April 4 KSC-02pd0347

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. - In the payload changeout room, workers watch as the doors of the payload canister open to reveal the S0 Integrated Truss Structure. The truss will be moved into the PCR and then transferred to Space Shuttle Atlantis's payload bay. Part of the payload on mission STS-110, the S0 truss will become the backbone of the orbiting International Space Station (ISS). The S0 truss will be attached to the U.S. Lab, "Destiny," on the 11-day mission. Launch is scheduled for April 4 KSC-02pd0351

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. -- Workers in the Operations and Checkout Building watch as the Integrated Truss Structure S0 is lowered into the payload canister. The S0 truss will soon be on its way to the launch pad for mission STS-110. Part of the payload on Space Shuttle Atlantis, the S0 truss will be attached to the U.S. Lab, "Destiny," on the 11-day mission, becoming the backbone of the orbiting International Space Station (ISS). Launch is scheduled for April 4 KSC-02pd0346

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. -- In the Operations and Checkout Building, an overhead crane carries the Integrated Truss Structure S0 to the payload canister which will transport it to the launch pad for mission STS-110. Seen below the truss is the Multi-Purpose Logistics Module Donatello, currently not in use. The S0 truss will be part of the payload on Space Shuttle Atlantis. The S0 truss will be attached to the U.S. Lab, "Destiny," on the 11-day mission, becoming the backbone of the orbiting International Space Station (ISS). Launch is scheduled for April 4 KSC-02pd0344

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. -- In the Operations and Checkout Building, the Integrated Truss Structure S0 is ready to be moved to the payload canister for transport to the launch pad for mission STS-110. Part of the payload, the S0 truss will become the backbone of the orbiting International Space Station (ISS), at the center of the 10-truss, girderlike structure that will ultimately extend the length of a football field on the ISS. The S0 truss will be attached to the U.S. Lab, "Destiny," on the 11-day mission. Launch is scheduled for April 4. KSC-02pd0342

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. -- In the Payload Changeout Room at the pad, the payload is moved out of the payload canister for transfer to Space Shuttle Atlantis' payload bay for mission STS-112. The primary payload on the mission is the S1 Integrated Truss Structure. The first starboard truss segment, the S1 will be attached to the Central truss segment, the S0 Truss, on the International Space Station during the mission. Atlantis is scheduled to launch no earlier than Oct. 2. KSC-02pd1288

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. - In the payload changeout room on Launch Pad 39B, one of the doors of the payload canister is open, revealing its cargo, the Port 3/4 truss segment for mission STS-115. The payload will be removed from the canister and later installed in Space Shuttle Atlantis' payload bay. Atlantis' launch window begins Aug. 28. During its 11-day mission to the International Space Station, the STS-115 crew of six astronauts will install the truss, a 17-ton segment of the space station's truss backbone. Photo credit: NASA/Jack Pfaller KSC-06pd1679

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. -- At Launch Pad 39B, Space Shuttle Atlantis' payload bay doors are ready to be closed. The Shuttle payload includes the S0 Integrated Truss Structure (ITS), the Canadian Mobile Transporter, power distribution system modules, a heat pipe radiator for cooling, computers and a pair of rate gyroscopes. The mission is the 13th assembly flight to the ISS and includes four spacewalks to attach the S0 truss to the U.S. Lab Destiny. Launch is scheduled for April 4. KSC-02pd0379

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. -- On the launch pad, the payload canister with the S0 Integrated Truss Structure moves up the Rotating Service Structure to the payload changeout room for transfer to Space Shuttle Atlantis's payload bay. Part of the payload on mission STS-110, the S0 truss will become the backbone of the orbiting International Space Station (ISS). The S0 truss will be attached to the U.S. Lab, "Destiny," on the 11-day mission. Launch is scheduled for April 4 KSC-02pd0350

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KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. -- On the launch pad, the payload canister with the S0 Integrated Truss Structure moves up the Rotating Service Structure to the payload changeout room for transfer to Space Shuttle Atlantis's payload bay. Part of the payload on mission STS-110, the S0 truss will become the backbone of the orbiting International Space Station (ISS). The S0 truss will be attached to the U.S. Lab, "Destiny," on the 11-day mission. Launch is scheduled for April 4

The Space Shuttle program was the United States government's manned launch vehicle program from 1981 to 2011, administered by NASA and officially beginning in 1972. The Space Shuttle system—composed of an orbiter launched with two reusable solid rocket boosters and a disposable external fuel tank— carried up to eight astronauts and up to 50,000 lb (23,000 kg) of payload into low Earth orbit (LEO). When its mission was complete, the orbiter would re-enter the Earth's atmosphere and lands as a glider. Although the concept had been explored since the late 1960s, the program formally commenced in 1972 and was the focus of NASA's manned operations after the final Apollo and Skylab flights in the mid-1970s. It started with the launch of the first shuttle Columbia on April 12, 1981, on STS-1. and finished with its last mission, STS-135 flown by Atlantis, in July 2011.

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kennedy space center launch pad payload canister payload canister truss moves truss structure moves service structure room payload changeout room transfer atlantis space shuttle atlantis bay payload bay sts mission sts backbone international space station iss lab destiny space shuttle space shuttle on launch pad high resolution spacecraft rocket launch nasa florida cape canaveral
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23/03/2002
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label_outline Explore Backbone, Payload Changeout Room, Payload Canister

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, Fla. -- The payload canister arrives at the Rotating Service Structure (RSS) on Launch Pad 39B. The canister with its cargo of the SPACEHAB module and Integrated Cargo Carrier will be lifted up into the Payload Changeout Room near the top of the RSS for transfer to the payload bay of Shuttle Atlantis for mission STS-106. The PCR provides an environmentally controlled facility for the transfer. The 11-day mission to the International Space Station will include service module support tasks on orbit, transfer supplies and outfit the Space Station for the first long-duration crew. Atlantis is scheduled to launch Sept. 8 at 8:31 a.m. EDT. KSC-00pp1116

The space shuttle Enterprise is parked atop its specially-designed 76-wheel transporter at Space Launch Complex Six. In the background is the payload changeout room

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, Fla. -- Workers in the payload changeout room on Launch Pad 39A keep watch as they move the Multi-Purpose Logistics Module Leonardo out of the payload canister. The MPLM is the primary payload on mission STS-105 to the International Space Station. The mission includes a crew changeover on the Space Station. Expedition Three will be traveling on Discovery to replace Expedition Two, who will return to Earth on board Discovery. Launch of STS-105 is scheduled for Aug. 9 KSC-01pp1392

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. - Workers inside the payload canister watch the S1 Integrated Truss Structure as it is lowered toward them. The canister will transport the truss to Atlantis. The first starboard truss segment, the S1 will be attached to the Central truss segment, the S0 Truss, on the International Space Station during mission STS-112. Atlantis is scheduled to launch no earlier than Oct. 2. KSC-02pd1222

CAPE CANAVERAL, Fla. - At Launch Pad 39A at NASA's Kennedy Space Center in Florida, the payload canister, at left, is lifted from its transporter toward the payload changeout room in the rotating service structure. The canister carries a cargo of four carriers holding various equipment for the STS-125 mission aboard space shuttle Atlantis to service NASA’s Hubble Space Telescope. Atlantis is seen at right, atop the mobile launcher platform. The two tail service masts flank the engines in front of the wings. At the pad, the cargo will be moved into the Payload Changeout Room. The changeout room is the enclosed, environmentally controlled portion of the rotating service structure that supports cargo delivery to the pad and subsequent vertical installation into the shuttle’s payload bay. Launch of Atlantis is targeted for Oct. 10. Photo credit: NASA/Troy Cryder KSC-08pd2786

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, Fla. -- In the early morning hours, the Rotating Service Structure (left) begins rolling back to free Space Shuttle Discovery for launch of mission STS-92 at 8:05 p.m. Oct. 9. Above the external tank can be seen the Gaseous Oxygen Vent Arm with its vent hood, commonly referred to as the “beanie cap.” The system is designed to vent gaseous oxygen vapors away from the Shuttle after cryogenic loading. The scheduled launch is the second attempt after an earlier scrub. STS-92 is making the fifth flight for construction of the International Space Station. The mission is also the 100th in the history of the Shuttle program KSC-00pp1508

A side view of an RGM-84 Harpoon missile immediately after being fired from a canister launcher aboard the destroyer USS FLETCHER (DD-992)

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. - The morning sky lightens behind Space Shuttle Atlantis while lights on the fixed service structure (FSS) still illuminate the orbiter on Launch Pad 39B. Atlantis was originally scheduled to launch at 12:29 p.m. EDT on this date, but a 24-hour scrub was called by mission managers due to a concern with Fuel Cell 1. Seen poised above the orange external tank is the vent hood (known as the "beanie cap") at the end of the gaseous oxygen vent arm. Vapors are created as the liquid oxygen in the external tank boil off. The hood vents the gaseous oxygen vapors away from the space shuttle vehicle. Extending from the FSS to Atlantis is the orbiter access arm with the White Room at the end. The White Room provides entry into the orbiter through the hatch. During the STS-115 mission, Atlantis' astronauts will deliver and install the 17.5-ton, bus-sized P3/P4 integrated truss segment on the station. The girder-like truss includes a set of giant solar arrays, batteries and associated electronics and will provide one-fourth of the total power-generation capability for the completed station. This mission is the 116th space shuttle flight, the 27th flight for orbiter Atlantis, and the 19th U.S. flight to the International Space Station. STS-115 is scheduled to last 11 days with a planned landing at KSC. Photo credit: NASA/Troy Cryder KSC-06pd2050

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, Fla. -- Space Shuttle Atlantis, atop the Mobile Launcher Platform and Crawler-Transporter, arrives at Launch Pad 39B for preparations before launch. It started its 8-hour rollout from the Vehicle Assembly Building high bay 2 (Safe Haven) at 11:20 p.m., Aug. 13. This photo was taken about 7:15 a.m. At left is the Rotating Service Structure in its open position. Towering above the RSS (and attached to the Fixed Service Structure) is the 80-foot tall lightning mast. Atlantis is scheduled for launch Sept. 8 at 8:31 a.m. EDT on mission STS-106 KSC00pp1120

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. - The rotating service structure (left) on Launch Pad 39B is rolled back to reveal Space Shuttle Atlantis. The RSS provides protected access to the orbiter for changeout and servicing of payloads at the pad and then is rolled away before liftoff. Atlantis is scheduled to launch Sept. 6 at 12:29 p.m. EDT on mission STS-115. During the mission, Atlantis' astronauts will deliver and install the 17.5-ton, bus-sized P3/P4 integrated truss segment on the station. The girder-like truss includes a set of giant solar arrays, batteries and associated electronics and will provide one-fourth of the total power-generation capability for the completed station. This mission is the 116th space shuttle flight, the 27th flight for orbiter Atlantis, and the 19th U.S. flight to the International Space Station. STS-115 is scheduled to last 11 days with a planned KSC landing at about 8:03 a.m. EDT on Sept. 17. Photo credit: NASA/George Shelton KSC-06pd2039

S127E009489 - STS-127 - Survey view of mast canister during Joint Operations.

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, Fla. -- At the 167-foot level of the Fixed Service Structure on Launch Pad 39A, the STS-99 crew pose for a photograph during Terminal Countdown Demonstration Test (TCDT) activities. Standing left to right are Mission Specialist Janet Lynn Kavandi (Ph.D.), Commander Kevin Kregel, Mission Specialists Janice Voss (Ph.D.), Gerhard Thiele and Mamoru Mohri, and Pilot Dominic Gorie. Thiele is with the European Space Agency and Mohri is with the National Space Development Agency (NASDA) of Japan. Behind them (left) are visible the top of a solid rocket booster (white) and external tank (orange). The TCDT provides the crew with simulated countdown exercises, emergency egress training, and opportunities to inspect the mission payloads in the orbiter's payload bay. STS-99 is the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission, which will chart a new course, using two antennae and a 200-foot-long section of space station-derived mast protruding from the payload bay to produce unrivaled 3-D images of the Earth's surface. The result of the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission could be close to 1 trillion measurements of the Earth's topography. Besides contributing to the production of better maps, these measurements could lead to improved water drainage modeling, more realistic flight simulators, better locations for cell phone towers, and enhanced navigation safety. Launch of Endeavour on the 11-day mission is scheduled for Jan. 31 at 12:47 p.m. EST KSC00pp0044

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kennedy space center launch pad payload canister payload canister truss moves truss structure moves service structure room payload changeout room transfer atlantis space shuttle atlantis bay payload bay sts mission sts backbone international space station iss lab destiny space shuttle space shuttle on launch pad high resolution spacecraft rocket launch nasa florida cape canaveral