Cunningham's Text-book of anatomy (1914) (20808165232)

Title: Cunningham's Text-book of anatomy

Identifier: cunninghamstextb00cunn (find matches)

Year: 1914 (1910s)

Authors: Cunningham, D. J. (Daniel John), 1850-1909; Robinson, Arthur, b. 1862, ed

Subjects: Anatomy

Publisher: New York, W. Wood

Contributing Library: Columbia University Libraries

Digitizing Sponsor: Open Knowledge Commons

Text Appearing Before Image:

THE FEMALE UBETHEA. 1285 Structure.—The wall of the female urethra is thick and contains much fibrous tissue, which passes without any sharp line of demarkation into the surrounding mass of connective tissue. The tunica muscularis or muscular coat of the urethra is continuous above with that of the bladder, and is composed of layers of circularly and longitudi- nally disposed smooth muscle fibres arranged to form outer and inner strata. Within the muscular coat the wall of the urethra is very vascular, and the canal itself is lined by a pale mucous membrane which is thrown into longitudinally directed folds, one of which is the crista urethralis mentioned above. The epithelium of the canal, in its upper part, is of the transitional variety, like that of the bladder; in its lower part it becomes scaly. Numerous minute glands, the glandulae urethrales, and pit-like depressions Ileum Suspensory _;_ii; ligament Caecum - Vermiform. process Ovary - Tuba uterina - - Inf. epigastric " " Round ligament —- Fundus uteri " Obliterated umbilical artery Urinary bladder Urethra - Labium minus— Labium majus

Text Appearing After Image:

- Ureter Nerve cords from hypo- gastric plexus Recto-uterine fold Utero-vesical pouch Recto-uteiine pouch Oriticium exter- num uteri Fig. 1002.—Median Section through the Female Pelvis. Drawn for the most part from a model of a dissection by Professor Edward H. Taylor. (lacunae urethrales) open into the urethral canal. One group of these glands on each side possesses a minute common duct known as the ductus paraurethralis, which opens into the rima pudendi or urino-genital cleft by the side of the urethral orifice. It is believed that these latter glands represent the prostatic glands of the male subject. The vascular layer which lies between the muscular coat and the mucous membrane contains elastic fibres, and in appearance resembles erectile tissue. Striped muscle fibres are present on the outer aspect of the muscular coat of the urethra. In the upper part of the canal these fibres form a complete ring-like sphincter, but in the middle and lower parts the striped muscle fibres though present in front are absent on the posterior wall of the urethra, as at this level they pass backwards on the outer aspect of the vagina, and enclose this latter passage together with the urethra in a single loop of muscle tissue. The lower fibres, therefore, form a urino-genital sphincter. 82 &

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1914

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