A text-book of mycology and plant pathology (1917) (14578617020)

Identifier: textbookofmycol00hars (find matches)

Title: A text-book of mycology and plant pathology

Year: 1917 (1910s)

Authors: Harshberger, John W. (John William), 1869-1929

Subjects: Plant diseases Fungi

Publisher: Philadelphia : P. Blakiston's Son & Co.

Contributing Library: University of British Columbia Library

Digitizing Sponsor: University of British Columbia Library

Text Appearing Before Image:

is a fungus which attacksthe larva of insects. Its mycelium penetrates the insects body andlater in the Isaria form produces aerial hyphae which cut off conidio-spores. The growth of the mycelium is such as to penetrate to all partsof the larva filling it up as if it were stuffed with cotton. The mass of hyphae is converted into a sclerotiuma nd the larval bodyis mummified, but still retaining its original external form. Later, thenext spring, a stiff-stalked stroma arises with an enlarged extremity inwhich the perithecia with their asci- and ascospores are formed. Laterthe needle-shaped ascospores are set free and by cutting off conidio-spores reproduce the disease. Cordyceps (Torrubia) ophioglossoides isparasitic upon an underground truffle, Elaphomyces muricatus, Fig.21). TheStroma is erect, yellow and club-shaped at the extremity.Perithecia, asci- and ascospores are borne in the swollen part of thestroma. The fungus which discharges its spores above ground finds the 69 70 MYCOLOGY

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YiG, 21.—A Cordyceps militaris; B. Cordyceps Hiigelii on a caterpillar; D, Cordyceps sphcerocephala on a wasp; E, Cordyceps cinerea on a beetle; F-K, Cordycepsophioglossoides, F on a deer truffle; G, aseus; //, conidiophore; J, conidiospores; A.germinating spore. See Die naiurlichen PJlanzenfamilicn I. i, p. 3^>8. ECOLOGY OE PUNGI 71 underground truffle in the following manner. When the spores germi-nate, they give rise to hyphae which grow over a densely cespitose, com-mon moss, Mnium hornum, which develops a large number of feedingrhizoids, that penetrate the soil to the depth at which Elaphomycesgrows. The mycelium of Cordyceps not only covers the aerial portionsof the moss, but follows the rhizoids underground until they reach theunderground truffle over which the moss may happen to grow. Bot-anists searching for Elaphomyces always know where to look for it bythe presence of the Cordyceps hyphae, on the moss Mnium hornum.There is a black beetle, a native of France^ with a pal

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1917

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