The Architect and engineer of California and the Pacific Coast (1917) (14781836592)
Zusammenfassung
Identifier: architectenginee5017sanf (find matches)
Title: The Architect & engineer of California and the Pacific Coast
Year: 1905 (1900s)
Authors:
Subjects: Architecture Architecture Architecture Building
Publisher: San Francisco, Calif. : Architect and Engineer Co
Contributing Library: San Francisco Public Library
Digitizing Sponsor: San Francisco Public Library
Text Appearing Before Image:
- man jxiwer over a drum. .About 1,3201-1-inch hollow steel sectional piles with an average length of about 20 feetand a maximum length of 21 feet were required. The piles were of a sjjccial type designed by and fabricated for the con-tractor and were made up with riveted sections 2 feet long of .-^-inch steel,having 4-inch inside sleeves projecting 2 inches from the lower end of eachsection to ;)rovide for the installation joints. .After the )iiles were driven,the sand was removed from the interior by a Hay ward orange ))ecl l)ucket THE ARCHITECT AND ENGINEER 81
Text Appearing After Image:
i.lRDERS INSTALLED ON .sr/dlJl laiUF BEAMSTO DISTRIBUTE FOUNDATIOS LUAUS of 1 cubic foot ca-pacity. After beingdriven to the re-quired depth, the))ile.s were thor-oughly cleanedout and filled with1:2:4 concretemade with % to 1-inch gravel. Afterthe concrete hadset. the pileswhich were de-signed for 50.000-pound loads weretested h\ loads ofabout 80.000pounds applied byhydraulic jacks re-acting against thefoundations above.Sh(jrt I-beam columns were seated on the pile ca;)s and supportedhorizontal grillage beams which took Ijearing against the under sides ofthe girders and old foundations by means of steel shin ))lates adjusted inthe usual manner with steel wedges and jackscrews. After the loads weretransferred to the piles, the I-beams for the subway roof were assembledon the surface of the ground in appro.ximately final position, suppt)rtedin some cases by the underpinning girders, and 9-inch sections of U. S.steel sheet piles 12 feet long were driven on each side of the subwav tosafe
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The history of the subway, or underground railway, dates back to the 19th century. The first underground railway was the Metropolitan Railway in London, which opened in 1863. It was proposed for London by Charles Pearson, a city solicitor, as part of a city-improvement plan shortly after the opening of the Thames Tunnel in 1843. The subway quickly became a popular mode of transportation in urban areas, as it allowed people to travel quickly and efficiently through the city. Over time, many cities around the world built their own subway systems, and today, subway trains are a common sight in many major cities. The technology used in subway systems has evolved over time, and modern trains are faster and more efficient than ever before.