The origin and evolution of life, on the theory of action, reaction and interaction of energy (1917) (14743088206)

Identifier: originevolutiono00osbo (find matches)
Title: The origin and evolution of life, on the theory of action, reaction and interaction of energy
Year: 1917 (1910s)
Authors: Osborn, Henry Fairfield, 1857-1935
Subjects: Evolution Life -- Origin
Publisher: New York, C. Scribner's Sons
Contributing Library: MBLWHOI Library
Digitizing Sponsor: MBLWHOI Library



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head, as well as by a complete change inthe proportions of the face from broad to long and narrow,and an abnormal growth of the long limb-bones, while at thesame time the proportions of the hands are changed from nor-mal to the short and broad condition known as brachydactyly.^In other words, the regulation and balance resulting in thenormal size and proportions of certain parts of the skeletonare dependent upon chemical messengers coming from theseglands. 1 Schafer, Sir Edward A., 1916, pp. 107, 108, no. Gushing, Harvey, 1911, pp.253, 256. 76 THE ORIGIN AND EVOLUTION OF LIFE It has also been discovered that the source of such internalsecretions is not confined to the ductless glands, but that cer-tain duct-glands, such as the ovaries, testes, and pancreas,serve a double function, for they secrete not only throughtheir ducts, but they also produce an internal secretionwhich enters the circulation of the blood. It is, of course, afact known from remote antiquity that removal of the sex
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Fig. io. Hantd Form Determined by Heredity (.4) and by Abnormal Internal Secretions (B, C). A. Hereditary brachydaclyly (partial) attributed to congenital causes. After Drinkwater. B. Acquired brachydactyly. This abnormally broad and stumpy hand shows one of the results of abnormally excessive secretions of the pituitary gland. After Gushing. C. Acquired dolichodactyly. This slender hand with tapering fingers shows one of the results of abnormally insufficient secretions of the pituitary gland. After Gushing. glands from a young animal of either sex not only inhibits thedevelopment of all the so-called secondary sexual characters,but favors the development of characters of the opposite sex.During the last and present centuries it has been discoveredthat all these inhibited characters may be restored by success-fully transplanting or grafting into some part of the body theovary or testicle, either from the same or another individual,thus proving that in both sexes the secondary sexual