On the anatomy of vertebrates (electronic resource) (1866) (14568653688)

Identifier: b20416039_002 (find matches)

Title: On the anatomy of vertebrates (electronic resource)

Year: 1866 (1860s)

Authors: Owen, Richard, 1804-1892

Subjects: Anatomy, Comparative Vertebrates Fishes Reptiles Mammals Birds

Publisher: London : Longmans, Green

Contributing Library: Wellcome Library

Digitizing Sponsor: Wellcome Library

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ua, as in theElephant. But the diffused placenta occurs in some genera ofthe next group, showing the inapplicability of that character toexact classification. The oldest known Perissodactyles are fromthe lowest tertiary strata. Many extinct genera, e.g. Coryphodon,Pliolophus, Lophiodon, Tapir other ium, PalcEotherium, Ancitherium,Hipparion, Acer other turn, Elasm other ium, &c, have been dis-covered, which once linked together the now broken series of 1 Some early tertiary extinct forms (Pliolophus, Coryphodon, Lophiodon) offeredexceptions to this rule. MAMMALIAN ORDERS. 285 Perissodactyles, represented by the existing genera Rhinoceros,Hyrax, Tapirus, and Equus. In the even-toed or ( artiodactyle Ungulates, the dorso-lumbarvertebras are the same in number, as a general rule, in all thespecies, being nineteen, fig. 166, d, I The vertebral formulas ofthe Artiodactyle skeletons show that the difference in the numberof the so-called dorsal and lumbar vertebras does not affect the 166

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Artiodactyle skeleton (Cervus Megaceros). xvnr. number of the entire dorso-lumbar series: thus, the Indian WildBoar has d. 13, I. 6 = 19; the Domestic Hog and the Peccarihave d. 14, /. 5 = 19 ; the Hippopotamus has d. 15, I 4 = 19 ; theGrnu and Aurochs have d. 14, I. 5 = 19 ; the Ox and most of thetrue Ruminants have d. 13, I. 6 = 19; the aberrant Ruminantshave d. 12, /. 7 = 19. The natural character and affinities of theArtiodactyle group are further illustrated by the absence of thethird trochanter in the femur, ib. 65, and by the place of perfora- 286 ANATOMY OF VERTEBRATES. tion of the medullary artery at the fore and upper part of theshaft, as in the Hippopotamus, the Hog, and most of the Rumi-nants. The fore part of the astragalus is divided into twoequal or sub-equal facets : the os magnum does not exceed, oris less than the unciforme, in the carpus; and the ectocunei-form is less, or not larger, than the cuboid, in the tarsus. Thedigit answering to the third in the pentadactyl

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