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Sunshū fuchū oshiro no zu. - Public domain old map
Summary
Pen-and-ink and watercolor.
Shows the plan, and the layout of the Sunpujō castle in Shizuoka-shi, Japan.
Ms. the copier and the date not known.
Title from title piece mounted on cover.
"Tōkyō Teikoku Daigaku zōhon ni yori eisha."
Copy has a label "Isseido Tōkyō Kanda" mounted on verso of the map.
Copy has a previous owner's seal "Sasamori Bunko" stamped.
Available also through the Library of Congress Web site as a raster image.
Ancient Maps from the Library of Congress. 13th -18th Century Maps.
In the 17th century, maps took a huge leap forward. Mathematical and astronomical knowledge necessary to make accurate measurements had evolved. English mathematicians had perfected triangulation: navigation and surveying by right-angled triangles. Triangulation allowed navigators to set accurate courses and produced accurate land surveys. Seamen learned to correct their compasses for declination and had determined the existence of annual compass variation. Latitude determination was greatly improved with the John Davis quadrant. The measurement of distance sailed at sea was improved by another English invention, the common log. Longitudinal distance between Europe and Québec was determined by solar and lunar eclipses by the Jesuit Bressani in the 1640s and by Jean Deshayes in 1686. With accurate surveys in Europe, the grid of the modern map began to take shape.
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