Il Essuie de Grands Revers (NAPOLEON 85)
Summary
The title of this caricature is a play on words: The verb essuyer, which means to wipe, has a secondary meaning of to suffer a loss or reproach. Thus the title can be translated "He wipes out his failures" or "He suffers some reversals."In the drawing, Napoleon wipes with a sponge across a blood-stained list of lost battles and massacres held by a satanic creature. The stains do not wipe away. The pyramid in the background is labeled Kléber; a ghost with a dagger embedded in his neck and the word Vengeance on his robe reaches out from behind the pyramid. When the Egyptian campaign failed in 1799, Napoleon returned to France, leaving General Kléber (1753-1800) in charge. Kléber won an important campaign against the Turks at Heliopolis, but was later assassinated by a religious fanatic. It was rumored at the time that Napoleon had ordered the assassination.Reference source: Clerc #15
Geographic coverage: France
Subjects (LCSH): Political cartoons; History--Caricatures & cartoons; Napoleon I, Emperor of the French, 1769-1821; Napoleonic Wars, 1800-1815